Sulfate Attack

Definition

Sulfate is a double agent that is mildly aggressive chemically but more dangerous in combination, both destabilizing films through complex formation and feeding sulfate-reducing bacteria. It is chemically disruptive and biologically enabling.

Chemically, sulfate can destabilize passive films by forming complexes. Biologically, it serves as an electron acceptor for sulfate-reducing bacteria, which convert it into corrosive sulfide and hydrogen sulfide. Systems with stagnant zones, deposits, or low-flow regions provide ideal territory for both mechanisms to operate.

Related concepts

Larson-Skold Index · Microbiologically Influenced Corrosion · Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria

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Part of The Blueprint of Water · 🧪 chemistry