Amphoterism of Bicarbonate

Definition

The property of bicarbonate that lets it act as either an acid or a base, accepting a hydrogen ion to become carbonic acid or donating one to become carbonate.

This dual capability is the defining trait of an effective buffer and the reason bicarbonate is the quiet stabilizer of natural water. When acid enters, bicarbonate absorbs part of the disturbance; when base enters, it helps absorb that too. It is most powerful in the intermediate pH band where bicarbonate is the dominant species.

Related concepts

pH (Lever) · Buffering (Bicarbonate Buffer)

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Part of The Blueprint of Water · 🧪 chemistry