Ionic bond

Definition

A bond formed when one atom transfers electrons to another, creating oppositely charged ions held together by electrostatic attraction.

In sodium chloride, sodium donates its lone valence electron to become a cation and chlorine accepts it to become chloride, an anion. The oppositely charged ions are then drawn together like magnets, forming the bond. Ionic solids are strong but their exposed charges make them a target for water, which can surround and stabilize the separated ions and dissolve the lattice.

Related concepts

Cation · Covalent bond · Crystal lattice

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Part of The Blueprint of Water · 🧪 chemistry